T-136: Seventeen exact rational packings from SQUISH's third request
V3 C3 Upper bound confirmed
Seventeen complete rational source certificates by Chaoweeraprasit, using SQUISH, reported on jlevy/squares#481, prove finite upper bounds at the exact sides they state: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and .
Each certificate gives a rational side and, for each unit square, a rational centre and the tangent of its half-angle, in SQUISH's JSON; each side is the exact fraction the source's summary.csv prints, and the issue's 15-digit displays are not roundings of it. The author reports that SQUISH's exact Fraction checker accepts all seventeen and Ellsworth's check_packing.py each 50-digit export, and that each certificate was drawn from a 60-digit contact solution with clearance 1e-32, about 1e-14 at 263 and 292.
At every count squares touch the closed box, a least wall clearance of exactly 0, which the record's closed-box convention admits; no two squares meet, and the bound also holds if is read as an open-box infimum.
All 51 retained jobs, the seventeen positives with their duplicate-square and outside-container controls, were decided again here on 10 October 2026 by both maintained exact routes, from exact facts derived from the pinned certificates, and equal their retained rows. A third exact route, half-extent containment and exact intersection area, decided the seventeen with six controls each and found each fact to be the packing its pinned upstream file states. No route here is the source's code, so the replay is independently re-implemented. The 10 October review found no blocking defect.
Each side was below the ceiling its case held, and below every other report then pending at its count except at 209, 237, 270 and 305, where Couzo's later certificates of issue 488 (T-140) are smaller, at 153, 236, 263, 269, 292, 302 and 303, where Daniel's later regularized certificates (T-146) are smaller, and at 153 and 207, where PingYou Ltd's later certificates of issues 504 and 503 (T-148, T-147) are smaller still; at 270 and 305 the author's own later packings of issue 500 (T-151) are smaller than T-140's, at 305 Couzo's issue 506 refinement of that packing (T-152) is smaller again, at 232 Ostashev's later composition of issue 528 (T-158) is smaller, and at 154 Daniel's later packing of issue 552 (T-160) is smaller.
On 11 October 2026 the case records adopted this entry as the house at 131, 154, 232, 259 and 307, T-140 at 209, 237, 270 and 305, T-146 at 236, 263, 269, 292, 302 and 303, which regularizes these packings there and credits them to this entry, T-147 at 207 and T-148 at 153; on 12 October T-151 replaced T-140 at 270, T-152 replaced it at 305, T-158 replaced this entry at 232, and T-160 replaced it at 154.
Credit Chaoweeraprasit (https://github.com/itsnaka/squish-certs), using SQUISH and its Mondrian composition method, after Couzo, Xu, Göbel, Schadt, Ellsworth and Hajba, whose packings supplied pieces, as the issue's credit line names them. Per count, the issue lists the pieces: the Kingbird catalogue's packing of 5 and former records at 11, 50, 152, 202 and 241, Couzo's packings of 182 and 180, Xu's of 123, 129 and 175, and SQUISH's own earlier packings. The source states that the solver, its verification and the issue were written with Claude Opus 5.5 under the author's direction.
Significance, composition and next rung
- Significance
- Smaller finite construction sides at , 153, 154, 207, 209, 232, 236, 237, 259, 263, 269, 270, 292, 302, 303, 305 and 307, 1.68e-04 to 1.12e-02 below the case ceilings; no lower bound or optimum.
- Next rung
- V4 and C4 need a retained human oversight record: two accepted adversarial reviews by distinct AI reviewers are retained, the 10 October review and the 11 October final review (docs/project/reviews/review-2026-10-11-final-upper-bounds.md).
- Regularized drawings
- n = 259: a regularization of T-136’s packing by Levy (Daniel's search/regularize (MIT), evand/square-packing@675a5ea, conservative, coincide, through devtools.regularize_evand; the project’s modifications: same-side exact re-solve (devtools.regularize_same_side); at its own side; 2 free squares straightened, 27 free angles moved; identity: measured here; nearest centres one to one; 151 squares moved, at most 0.13156; turns up to 0.403258°).
- Novelty
- previously-published Present in an identified source
The cases
This result concerns 17 cases, too many to draw one by one. Each is listed with the film’s bounds, the proved lower bound and the best known side, and links to its case record, where its packing and number line are drawn.
| n | Proved lower | Best known | Gap | Status | Records |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 131 | 11.465856 | 11.949660 | 0.48380348… | open= | frontier n-131.md |
| 153 | 12.384864 | 12.870014 | 0.48514952… | frontier n-153.md | |
| 154 | 12.426860 | 12.921101 | 0.49424049… | frontier n-154.md | |
| 207 | 14.401438 | 14.880961 | 0.47952159… | frontier n-207.md | |
| 209 | 14.473188 | 14.946224 | 0.47303461… | frontier n-209.md | |
| 232 | 15.239402 | 15.764175 | 0.52477134… | frontier n-232.md | |
| 236 | 15.374474 | 15.861935 | 0.48745960… | frontier n-236.md | |
| 237 | 15.408051 | 15.902604 | 0.49455212… | frontier n-237.md | |
| 259 | 16.096473 | 16.591379 | 0.49490418… | frontier n-259.md | |
| 263 | 16.224185 | 16.733167 | 0.50898081… | frontier n-263.md | |
| 269 | 16.413830 | 16.901514 | 0.48768311… | frontier n-269.md | |
| 270 | 16.445218 | 16.928163 | 0.48294353… | frontier n-270.md | |
| 292 | 17.090660 | 17.591379 | 0.50071812… | frontier n-292.md | |
| 302 | 17.389345 | 17.870014 | 0.48066809… | frontier n-302.md | |
| 303 | 17.418924 | 17.909959 | 0.49103397… | frontier n-303.md | |
| 305 | 17.477926 | 17.950467 | 0.47253963… | frontier n-305.md | |
| 307 | 17.536725 | 17.980863 | 0.44413774… | frontier n-307.md |
Results on these cases
49 results in the register on these cases, oldest first
2005 published T-007 · 17 of these cases
for
Lower bound incomplete on these cases, superseded by T-083 and T-180 (reported)
2026-09-04 published T-085 · 17 of these cases
Nagamochi 2005, Lemma 1 is false for every container with and
Correction confirmed
Karakuş; Vlasenko · Karakuş 2026 · chelokot Nagamochi counterexample 2026 · packet · register
2026-09-27 published T-056 · 15 of these cases
Smaller packings for 49 counts from to , each certified two independent ways
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-136, T-146, T-173, T-174, T-186, T-190, T-218, T-222 and T-224
Couzo · franciscouzo square-packing 2026-09-27 · packet · register
2026-09-29 published T-083 · 17 of these cases
for every nonsquare
Lower bound confirmed
Karakuş · Karakuş 2026 · source · register
2026-10-03 published T-092 · cases 209, 263, 303
Smaller packings again at seven counts from to , each certified two independent ways
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-174 and T-186
Couzo · franciscouzo square-packing 2026-10-03 · packet · register
2026-10-05 published T-098 · 14 of these cases
Exact optima of 48 known-best packings:
s(n) ≤ S',3.5e-13to5.0e-11below each printed sideUpper bound confirmed on these cases, superseded by T-136, T-173, T-174, T-186, T-190, T-218, T-222 and T-224
Daniel after Couzo, de Winter, Ellsworth, Levy · evand exact optima 2026-10-05 · packet · register
2026-10-05 published T-101 · cases 153, 232
Exact certificates of 77 catalogue packings:
s(n) ≤ S',1.2e-16to9.8e-15above each sideUpper bound confirmed on these cases, superseded by T-173 and T-186
Daniel after Couzo, de Winter, Ellsworth, Levy · evand exact optima 2026-10-05 · packet · register
2026-10-07 published T-113 · cases 154, 209, 303
at ten counts, to 303, from new SQUISH rational packings
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-174, T-186 and T-222
Chaoweeraprasit after Ellsworth · SQUISH ten packings 2026-10-07 · packet · register
2026-10-07 published T-114 · case 153
, from a SQUISH rational packing
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-173
Chaoweeraprasit after Ellsworth · SQUISH n153 2026-10-07 · packet · packet · register
2026-10-07 published T-115 · cases 154, 237, 263
at twelve counts, from the SQUISH update’s new and smaller rational packings
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-174, T-190 and T-222
Chaoweeraprasit after Couzo and Ellsworth · SQUISH update 2026-10-07 · packet · register
2026-10-07 published T-116 · cases 207, 236, 263, 302
at nine counts, from the second SQUISH update’s new rational packings
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-173, T-174, T-186 and T-218
Chaoweeraprasit after Ellsworth, Couzo and SQUISH · SQUISH second update 2026-10-07 · packet · register
2026-10-07 published T-117 · case 292
Exact rational ceiling refinements at , 292
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-146
Rehwaldt after Couzo and earlier contributors · Rehwaldt Couzo refinements 2026-10-07 · packet · register
2026-10-07 published T-119 · case 270
Three exact feasible upper bounds at n=266,270,272 from new source arrangements
Upper bound confirmed on these cases, superseded by T-224
Daniel after Levy, Ellsworth, Couzo, Stead · Daniel new arrangements 2026-10-07 · packet · register
2026-10-07 published T-129 · case 292
Three dated Daniel certificate reports with historical source custody
Upper bound recorded superseded by T-146
Daniel after Couzo, Levy · Daniel dated certificates 105 and 130 2026-10-07 · Daniel dated certificate 292 2026-10-07 · packet · packet · packet · register
2026-10-08 published T-125 · cases 131, 153, 236, 263
Complete rational construction reports at 25 counts
2026-10-08 published T-127 · 6 of these cases
Fourteen rational refinements, seventeen complete source cases
Upper bound confirmed on these cases, superseded by T-173, T-174, T-190, T-218 and T-222
Gupta after Chaoweeraprasit, Daniel · Gupta rational refinements 2026-10-08 · packet · register
2026-10-08 published T-128 · case 131
Eight complete rational refinements from Couzo
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-174
Couzo after Xu, Chaoweeraprasit, Gupta, Ellsworth, Daniel, Levy · Couzo exact refinements 2026-10-08 · packet · register
2026-10-08 published T-130 · case 270
Five follow-up rational refinements from Couzo
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-224
Couzo after Xu, Daniel, Ellsworth, Levy · Couzo follow-up refinements 2026-10-08 · packet · register
2026-10-09 published T-134 · cases 237, 263, 270, 303
Six exact rational certificates from Couzo
Upper bound confirmed on these cases, superseded by T-174, T-186, T-190 and T-224
Couzo after Polkovskyi, Chaoweeraprasit, Gupta, Xu, Daniel, Ellsworth, Levy · Couzo exact certificates 2026-10-09 · packet · register
2026-10-09 published T-136 this result · 17 of these cases
Seventeen exact rational packings from SQUISH's third request
Upper bound confirmed
Chaoweeraprasit after Couzo, Xu, Göbel, Schadt, Ellsworth, Hajba, Levy · SQUISH third request 2026-10-09 · packet · register
2026-10-09 published T-138 · cases 131, 270, 302, 303
Exact witnesses at Mishapolk's printed ceilings, the smallest known at 103 and 258 when registered
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-174, T-186 and T-224
Polkovskyi after Stenlund, Friedman, Ellsworth, Chaoweeraprasit, Couzo, Xu, Levy · Mishapolk decimal poses 2026-10-09 · packet · register
2026-10-10 published T-140 · cases 209, 237, 270, 305
Six more exact rational certificates from Couzo
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-174, T-190 and T-224
Couzo after Chaoweeraprasit, Polkovskyi, Xu, Daniel, Ellsworth, Levy · Couzo certificates 2026-10-10 · packet · register
2026-10-10 published T-146 · 7 of these cases
Exact rational certificates at fifteen counts from Daniel's regularized record lists
Upper bound confirmed
Daniel after Xu, Chaoweeraprasit, Polkovskyi, Levy · Daniel regularized lists 2026-10-10 · packet · register
2026-10-11 published T-147 · case 207
A packing of 207 squares from two placed patches of Xu's packing of 70
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-173
PingYou Ltd after Xu, Daniel, Levy · PingYou n207 certificate 2026-10-11 · packet · register
2026-10-11 published T-148 · case 153
A packing of 153 squares built from Xu's packing of 70, its contacts reclosed at a new angle
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-173
PingYou Ltd after Xu, Daniel, Levy · PingYou n153 certificate 2026-10-11 · packet · register
2026-10-11 published T-151 · cases 270, 305
Nine exact rational packings from SQUISH's fourth request
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-174 and T-224
Chaoweeraprasit after Couzo, Gupta, Ellsworth, Friedman, Levy · SQUISH fourth request 2026-10-11 · packet · register
2026-10-11 published T-152 · case 305
Exact rational refinements of SQUISH's Mondrian packings of 304 and 305 squares
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-174
Couzo after Chaoweeraprasit, Fang, Daniel, Ellsworth, Levy · Couzo certificates 2026-10-11 · packet · register
2026-10-12 published T-158 · case 232
New packings of 175, 232 and 264 squares built on a new 38-square rectangle, each certified exactly
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-186
Ostashev after Nakajima, Ellsworth, Schadt, Friedman, de Winter, Daniel, Levy, Xu · Ostashev records 2026-10-12 · packet · register
2026-10-12 published T-160 · case 154
A smaller packing of 154 squares from Daniel's size-chaining explorer, certified exactly
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-222
Daniel after Couzo, Levy · Daniel n154 2026-10-12 · packet · register
2026-10-12 published T-161 · case 237
Exact rational certificates at 156, 176, 237 and 271 from Couzo
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-190
Couzo after Ostashev, Chaoweeraprasit, Fang, Daniel, Ellsworth, Levy · Couzo certificates 2026-10-12 · packet · register
2026-10-12 published T-162 · case 303
New packings of 129, 204 and 303 squares, a cut-out and two compositions, each certified exactly
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-186
Ostashev after Nakajima, Chaoweeraprasit, Daniel, Xu, Levy · Ostashev compositions 2026-10-12 · packet · register
2026-10-12 published T-163 · case 307
s(n² − n + 1) < n for every n ≥ 15, and n² − n + F(n) squares below side n, from Fang
Upper bound reviewed superseded by T-174
Fang after Arslanov, Mustafin, Shangitbayev, Ellsworth, Stead, de Winter, Daniel, Couzo · Fang excess theorem 2026-10-13 · packet · register
2026-10-12 published T-164 · case 302
A packing of 302 squares from four boundary patches of Xu's packing of 70 and two upright banks
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-186
PingYou Ltd after Xu, Daniel, Levy · PingYou n302 certificate 2026-10-12 · packet · register
2026-10-12 published T-166 · case 153
A tighter rational realization of PingYou Ltd's packing of 153 squares
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-173
PingYou Ltd after Xu, Daniel, Levy · PingYou n153 refinement 2026-10-12 · packet · register
2026-10-12 published T-167 · case 207
A tighter rational realization of PingYou Ltd's packing of 207 squares
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-173
PingYou Ltd after Xu, Daniel, Levy · PingYou n207 refinement 2026-10-12 · packet · register
2026-10-12 published T-172 · case 154
A packing of 154 squares from Couzo, continuing Daniel's arrangement
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-222
Couzo after Daniel, Ostashev, Fang, Ellsworth, Levy · Couzo issue-583 certificates 2026-10-13 · packet · register
2026-10-12 published T-173 · cases 153, 207
Polkovskyi's packings of 153 and 207 squares, each below the earlier refinements there
Upper bound confirmed
Polkovskyi after Xu, Chaoweeraprasit, Levy · Mishapolk exact certificates 2026-10-12 · packet · register
2026-10-13 published T-174 · 16 of these cases
Tighter certificates at 68 counts from PingYou Ltd, of others' packings and its own
Upper bound confirmed
PingYou Ltd after Friedman, Ellsworth, Daniel, Xu, Barnett, Couzo, Ostashev, Chaoweeraprasit, Gupta, Fang, Polkovskyi, Levy · PingYou PR 574 certificates 2026-10-13 · packet · register
2026-10-13 published T-180 · 17 of these cases
Closed-form lower bound for every non-square , reported
Lower bound reviewed
Hosono · wand125 closed form 2026-10-14 · packet · packet · register
2026-10-13 published T-181 · case 302
Exact rational certificates at 211, 241 and 302 from Couzo
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-186
Couzo after Daniel, Ostashev, Fang, Ellsworth, Levy; Couzo after Daniel, Ostashev, BuddenPing, Fang, Ellsworth, Levy · Couzo issue-583 certificates 2026-10-13 · Couzo certificates 2026-10-13 · packet · packet · register
2026-10-13 published T-182 · case 154
Exact rational certificates at 154, 211 and 241 from Couzo
Upper bound confirmed on these cases, superseded by T-222
Couzo after Daniel, Ostashev, BuddenPing, Fang, Ellsworth, Levy · Couzo certificates 2026-10-13 · packet · register
2026-10-13 published T-183 · case 237
Polkovskyi's certificate for 237 squares, the smallest known side there when registered
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-190
Polkovskyi after Friedman, Daniel, Xu, Chaoweeraprasit, Barnett, Couzo, Ostashev, Ellsworth, Fang, Levy · Mishapolk records 2026-10-14 · packet · register
2026-10-14 published T-186 · cases 154, 232, 302, 303
Exact certificates at twelve counts from Polkovskyi, tightening the smallest reported there
Upper bound confirmed
Polkovskyi after Ostashev, Couzo, PingYou Ltd, Levy · Mishapolk KKT refinements 2026-10-14 · packet · register
2026-10-14 published T-189 · case 237
Couzo's refinement of Polkovskyi's 237, and fifteen beyond-horizon bounds
Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-190
Couzo after Polkovskyi, Fang, Daniel, Ellsworth, Levy · Couzo certificates 2026-10-14 · packet · register
2026-10-15 published T-190 · case 237
A tighter exact certificate for 237 squares from Couzo, below his issue-607 certificate
Upper bound confirmed
Couzo after Polkovskyi, Chaoweeraprasit, Daniel, Levy · Couzo n237 2026-10-15 · packet · register
2026-10-16 published T-193 · cases 232, 259, 292, 302
Exact algebraic sides at sixteen counts from Daniel, of packings the record credits
Upper bound confirmed
Daniel after Xu, Chaoweeraprasit, Ostashev, Couzo, PingYou Ltd, Gupta, Polkovskyi, Levy · Daniel exact current records 2026-10-16 · packet · register
2026-10-16 published T-218 · case 236
Daniel's smaller n236 packing, after Chaoweeraprasit's composition, certified exactly
Upper bound confirmed
Daniel after Chaoweeraprasit, Levy · Daniel n236 2026-10-16 · packet · register
2026-10-20 published T-222 · case 154
Daniel's smaller n154 packing, continuing Couzo's #586 arrangement, certified exactly
Upper bound confirmed
Daniel after Couzo, Ostashev, Levy · Daniel n154 sweep 2026-10-20 · packet · packet · register
2026-10-20 published T-224 · case 270
Daniel's smaller n270 packing, another arrangement found from Chaoweeraprasit's, certified exactly
Upper bound confirmed
Daniel after Chaoweeraprasit, Levy · Daniel n270 sweep 2026-10-20 · packet · register
Links
- On this site
- The frontier survey · T-136 in the results table
On GitHub, at main
- Register
- T-136 in
results.yaml, line 14514 - Evidence
E-squish-481-certificate-report·E-squish-481-exact-feasibility- Proofs and certificates
- certificate
facts - Sources
- SQUISH third request 2026-10-09 (its own site, retained copy)
- Source packet
resources/web/squish-481-third-request-2026-10-09/README.md- Artifacts
41 artifacts and controls in 7 directories. Complete artifact list in the result entry. docs/project/reviews packing/devtools packing/resources/web/squish-481-third-request-2026-10-09 packing/resources/web/squish-481-third-request-2026-10-09/acquisition packing/resources/web/squish-481-third-request-2026-10-09/facts packing/resources/web/squish-481-third-request-2026-10-09/receipts packing/tests
- Case file
- each case’s file is linked from its row above