T-147: A packing of 207 squares from two placed patches of Xu's packing of 70

V3 C3 Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-173

2026-10-11 published · PingYou Ltd after Xu, Daniel, Levy · n=207

One complete rational source certificate by PingYou Ltd, reported on jlevy/squares#503, proves a finite upper bound at the exact side it states: s(207)≤14.8809603730436756319360591381170501178639, the fraction 148809603730436756319360591381170501178639/10^40 the issue prints.

The certificate gives a rational side and, for each unit square, a rational centre and the tangent of its half-angle, in SQUISH's JSON rows; its side and centres already carry the guard dilation 10000000001/10000000000 it states, and every square keeps side 1.

The author reports that three exact Fraction checkers of its own, by vertex projections, by centre and support-radius separating axes and by rational polygon clipping, accept all 21,321 pairs and every wall; that its reconstruction script rebuilds every pose and the side from the n70 parent; and that this repository's sqpack exact_verify and check_rational_witness_independent, run unchanged, accept its corners Witness/v2. The checkers, the reconstruction and the conversion were prepared in one workflow. Those statements are the author's; no source program ran here.

All three retained jobs, the positive with its duplicate-square and outside-container controls, were decided again here on 11 October 2026 by both maintained exact routes, from an exact fact derived from the pinned certificate, and equal their retained rows. A third exact route, half-extent containment and exact intersection area, decided it with six controls and found the fact to be the packing the pinned certificate and the pinned witness state. The source ran the two maintained routes on its own witness, but neither is its generator's code, and it did not run the third route, so the replay is independently re-implemented. The 11 October review found no blocking defect.

The side was 7.03e-03 below the ceiling the case held, Chaoweeraprasit's packing as Gupta refined it (T-127), and is 4.55e-03 below SQUISH's T-136. On 11 October 2026 the case record adopted this entry as the house at 207, its reported and verified upper bounds moving together, T-127's certificate kept as history and T-136 verified and not selected; private-worker custody (RV-6) was closed in the same change (packing/devtools/house-custody-2026-10-11.json).

Credit PingYou Ltd (https://github.com/BuddenPing/square-packing-certificates) for the n207 assembly, as the source asks: two differently placed patches of Xu's n70 construction (issue 432), keeping 60 and 69 whole squares, with upright grids of 42 and 36 squares. The patches come from Daniel's exact n70 certificate (https://github.com/evand/square-packing, the regularized n-070 certificate T-146 retains), credited to him for its exact retention. Measured pose by pose against that certificate, 60 of its squares reappear exactly in place and 69 under its reflection about the n70's box, transposed and moved by (6, 6), as the source says. The source names SQUISH's n207 of issue 481 only as its comparison, and claims neither the n70 packing nor patch composition in general.

The source as pinned makes no statement about AI assistance. As first published on 11 October 2026, its README and the issue said that the verification, the comparison review and the package preparation were assisted by OpenAI Codex; minutes later a revision titled "Correct attribution in submission materials", the one the issue names, removed that sentence, and the issue was edited to match, with no reason given. Asked which account stands, the author answered on jlevy/squares#503 on 12 October 2026, for this certificate and the n153 of issue 504 (T-148): "Both solutions were AI assisted by 'PY', an unreleased agentic AI offering by PingYou Ltd."

Significance, composition and next rung
Significance
A smaller finite construction side at n=207, 7.03e-03 below the case ceiling and 4.55e-03 below the smallest pending side, by placed boundary patches of an existing packing, as the source describes its construction; no lower bound or optimum.
Next rung
V4 and C4 need a second accepted adversarial review by a distinct reviewer and a retained human oversight record; one AI review, of 11 October, is retained.
Novelty
previously-published Present in an identified source

The case

Case record
Regularized by the Squares Project with Daniel's regularizer (evand/square-packing, MIT)
As published
The packing as published, PingYou Ltd 2026 [Mishapolk exact certificates 2026-10-12]

n=207

14.4014.881
141516
14.38715.387
nn+1

Proven

14.40143≤s(207)≤14.880961

  • exact

Citation record n-207

lowerKarakuş 2026, arXiv corrects Nagamochi 2005 (confirmed T-083)

upperPingYou Ltd & Mishapolk, GitHub (confirmed T-173)

Open

  • optimality

The case record

LowerUpper
Gap0.47952159…

Results on the case

13 results in the register on n=207, oldest first, each with what it established and how it stands now.

  1. 2005 published T-007

    s(n)≥min(⌈n⌉,n−2⌊n⌋+1+1) for 4≤n≤324

    V0 C1 Lower bound incomplete on this case, superseded by T-083 and T-180 (reported)

    Nagamochi · Nagamochi 2005 · source · register

  2. 2026-09-04 published T-085

    Nagamochi 2005, Lemma 1 is false for every container with a>3 and b>2

    V3 C3 Correction confirmed

    Karakuş; Vlasenko · Karakuş 2026 · chelokot Nagamochi counterexample 2026 · packet · register

  3. 2026-09-27 published T-056

    Smaller packings for 49 counts from n=68 to 307, each certified two independent ways

    V3 C3 Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-173

    Couzo · franciscouzo square-packing 2026-09-27 · packet · register

  4. 2026-09-29 published T-083

    s(n)≥1/2+n−⌊n⌋+1/4 for every nonsquare 8≤n≤324

    V3 C3 Lower bound confirmed

    Karakuş · Karakuş 2026 · source · register

  5. 2026-10-05 published T-098

    Exact optima of 48 known-best packings: s(n) ≤ S', 3.5e-13 to 5.0e-11 below each printed side

    V3 C3 Upper bound confirmed on this case, superseded by T-173

    Daniel after Couzo, de Winter, Ellsworth, Levy · evand exact optima 2026-10-05 · packet · register

  6. 2026-10-07 published T-116

    s(n)≤Sn at nine counts, from the second SQUISH update’s new rational packings

    V3 C3 Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-173

    Chaoweeraprasit after Ellsworth, Couzo and SQUISH · SQUISH second update 2026-10-07 · packet · register

  7. 2026-10-08 published T-127

    Fourteen rational refinements, seventeen complete source cases

    V3 C3 Upper bound confirmed on this case, superseded by T-173

    Gupta after Chaoweeraprasit, Daniel · Gupta rational refinements 2026-10-08 · packet · register

  8. 2026-10-09 published T-136

    Seventeen exact rational packings from SQUISH's third request

    V3 C3 Upper bound confirmed on this case, superseded by T-173

    Chaoweeraprasit after Couzo, Xu, Göbel, Schadt, Ellsworth, Hajba, Levy · SQUISH third request 2026-10-09 · packet · register

  9. 2026-10-11 published T-147 this result

    A packing of 207 squares from two placed patches of Xu's packing of 70

    V3 C3 Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-173

    PingYou Ltd after Xu, Daniel, Levy · PingYou n207 certificate 2026-10-11 · packet · register

  10. 2026-10-12 published T-167

    A tighter rational realization of PingYou Ltd's packing of 207 squares

    V3 C3 Upper bound confirmed superseded by T-173

    PingYou Ltd after Xu, Daniel, Levy · PingYou n207 refinement 2026-10-12 · packet · register

  11. 2026-10-12 published T-173

    Polkovskyi's packings of 153 and 207 squares, each below the earlier refinements there

    V3 C3 Upper bound confirmed

    Polkovskyi after Xu, Chaoweeraprasit, Levy · Mishapolk exact certificates 2026-10-12 · packet · register

  12. 2026-10-13 published T-174

    Tighter certificates at 68 counts from PingYou Ltd, of others' packings and its own

    V3 C3 Upper bound confirmed on this case, pending adoption

    PingYou Ltd after Friedman, Ellsworth, Daniel, Xu, Barnett, Couzo, Ostashev, Chaoweeraprasit, Gupta, Fang, Polkovskyi, Levy · PingYou PR 574 certificates 2026-10-13 · packet · register

  13. 2026-10-13 published T-180

    Closed-form lower bound s(N)≥a(N) for every non-square N≥49, reported

    V0 C1 Lower bound reviewed

    Hosono · wand125 closed form 2026-10-14 · packet · packet · register