T-232: Mixed rectangle-measure lower bound verified, on a 2,073-direction declared net
V3 C3 Lower bound confirmed
A rectangle measure of wand125/square-packing, published on 11 October 2026 and reported on no issue, proves = 5.9775.
The certificate, mixed_n31_L59775, is a density of 536 uniform rectangles in D4 orbits, 4,244 distinct rectangles after expansion, and no point mass, of total mass 3099999/100000 < 31, on a net its candidate declares: core side 4999/5000 and 2,073 half-angle tangents of step 1/5002, the net of T-132, T-142 and T-143. Since 4999/5000 (1 + 1/5002) = 25009997/25010000 < 1, and the last tangent 1036/2501 is past tan(pi/8), every unit square contains a concentric core at a net angle strictly in its interior.
The retained maintained sqverify-fast capture verifies all 2,073 directions at threshold one, every core centred in its per-bin domain capturing mass at least one, with the source's node total. Its whole-net controls record 2,073 coverage refusals of the 99/100 mutant and no verified mutant direction, and the near-threshold mutant is refused. The mathematical review accepts the argument and the exact premises, and decided the capture again at 122 of the 2,073 directions with a clean-room exact checker of its own, all verified: sampled, 122 of 2,073 net directions, independently re-implemented.
This raises the verified and reported lower lanes at from 2381/400 (T-068, T-074) to 2391/400, by 1/40, above the 597/100 that jlevy/squares#446 reported on 8 October and never adopted, by 3/400. The bound is confirmed by a re-implementation sharing components with the producer's checker, sqverify-proof-net, which is Hosono's adaptation of this repository's sqverify_fast crate: the two share the crate apart from their declared-net readers. No independent full implementation, second method, proof-assistant check or optimality theorem is claimed.
Hosono after Tokoharu and Levy, square-packing. The source says parts of the work were produced with AI assistance under human direction.
Significance, composition and next rung
- Significance
- Scored as a claim: the strongest lower bound on record at , 1/40 above the prior lanes, and it more than halves the gap to the upper bound 6 (from 19/400 to 9/400), by the certificate kind and declared net of T-132, T-142 and T-143, with no new technique, at S3 as T-142, T-143 and T-200 are. Not S4: no reusable technique, bound family or resolved disputed value. Not S5: is not a central open case.
- Composition
- One source certificate and one complete maintained native replay, C3. The replay shares components with the producer's checker, Hosono's adaptation of this repository's sqverify_fast crate, apart from the declared-net readers. Beside it stands a sample, not a second implementation of the whole: 122 of the 2,073 directions decided by the review's clean-room exact checker (E-wand125-fine-net-n31-59775-review-sample, cited by the case record), which sets no rung.
- Next rung
- None for the bound. V4 and C4 need a second qualifying adversarial AI review by a distinct reviewer and an explicit human oversight record; one AI review, of 23 October, is retained. An independent full implementation would add implementation diversity; the review's sample of 122 directions does not supply it.
- Novelty
- previously-published Present in an identified source
The case
Results on the case
12 results in the register on , oldest first, each with what it established and how it stands now.
2005 published T-007
for
V0 C1 Lower bound incomplete on this case, superseded by T-232
2026-09-04 published T-085
Nagamochi 2005, Lemma 1 is false for every container with and
V3 C3 Correction confirmed
Karakuş; Vlasenko · Karakuş 2026 · chelokot Nagamochi counterexample 2026 · packet · register
2026-09-22 published T-047
; for ; for
V3 C3 Lower bound confirmed superseded by T-232
Tokoharu after Levy, Hosono, Stromquist, Nagamochi, Burns, Massaccesi · Tokoharu density 2026 · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-27 published T-045
Rectangle-density lower bounds replayed at 15 counts in
V3 C3 Lower bound confirmed superseded by T-232
Hosono after Tokoharu, Levy, Stromquist, Nagamochi, Burns, Massaccesi · wand125 rectangle bounds 2026 · packet · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-27 published T-046
Rectangle-density lower bounds verified at 48 counts in
V3 C3 Lower bound confirmed superseded by T-232
Hosono after Tokoharu, Levy, Stromquist, Nagamochi, Burns, Massaccesi · wand125 rectangle bounds 2026 · wand125 rectangle bounds 2026-09-28 · packet · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-29 published T-058
Rectangle-certificate ceiling
α·UB(n)proved for ..100;B·UB(n)on 64 grid rowsV3 C3 Method limit confirmed
Hosono after Tokoharu, Daniel · wand125 tools 2026 · packet · register
2026-09-29 published T-083
for every nonsquare
V3 C3 Lower bound confirmed on this case, superseded by T-232
Karakuş · Karakuş 2026 · source · register
2026-10-01 published T-068
Rectangle-density lower bounds verified at 34 counts in
V3 C3 Lower bound confirmed on this case, superseded by T-232
Hosono after Tokoharu, Levy, Stromquist, Nagamochi, Burns, Massaccesi · wand125 rectangle bounds 2026-10-01 · packet · source · review · register
2026-10-01 published T-074
Rectangle-density lower bounds replayed at 31 counts in
V3 C3 Lower bound confirmed on this case, superseded by T-232
Hosono after Tokoharu, Levy, Stromquist, Nagamochi, Burns, Massaccesi · wand125 rectangle bounds 2026-10-01 · packet · packet · source · review · register
2026-10-07 published T-124
Reported non-strict local minima for 178 source configurations
V0 C0 Restricted optimality recorded
Daniel after Couzo · Daniel exact and local reports 2026 · packet · register
2026-10-11 published T-232 this result
Mixed rectangle-measure lower bound verified, on a 2,073-direction declared net
V3 C3 Lower bound confirmed
Hosono after Tokoharu and Levy · wand125 fine-net n31 2026-10-11 · packet · source · review · register
2026-10-12 published T-261
Reported grade-C local minima for 233 source configurations of field degree at most 4
V3 C1 Restricted optimality incomplete
Daniel after Schadt, Ellsworth, Levy · Daniel exact and local reports 2026-10-12 · packet · packet · register
Links
- On this site
- Case record, · Frontier row, · T-232 in the results table
- Issues
- Issue #534
On GitHub, at main
- Register
- T-232 in
results.yaml, line 32994 - Evidence
E-wand125-fine-net-n31-59775-report·E-wand125-fine-net-n31-59775-sqverify-fast-replay- Proofs and certificates
- certificate
candidate.json.gz· proofSOUNDNESS.md· auditreview-2026-10-23-wand125-n31-fine-net.md - Sources
- wand125 fine-net n31 2026-10-11 (its own site, retained copy)
- Source packet
resources/web/wand125-fine-net-n31-2026-10-11/README.md- Artifacts
14 artifacts and controls
resources/web/wand125-fine-net-n31-2026-10-11/README.mdresources/web/wand125-fine-net-n31-2026-10-11/acquisition/sources.jsonresources/web/wand125-fine-net-n31-2026-10-11/acquisition/release-assets.jsonresources/web/wand125-fine-net-n31-2026-10-11/release/certificates/mixed_n31_L59775/candidate.json.gzresources/web/wand125-fine-net-n31-2026-10-11/release/certificates/mixed_n31_L59775/check2/receipt.jsonresources/web/wand125-fine-net-n31-2026-10-11/receipts/premises-n31.jsonresources/web/wand125-fine-net-n31-2026-10-11/receipts/sample-diagnostic-n31.jsonresources/web/wand125-fine-net-n31-2026-10-11/review/review-2026-10-23/README.mddocs/project/reviews/review-2026-10-23-wand125-n31-fine-net.mdbenchmarks/measure-verifier/census-mixed/census.jsonbenchmarks/measure-verifier/census-mixed/wand125-fine-net-n31-2026-10-11/mixed_n31_L59775.jsonl.gzdevtools/fine_net_followup.pybenchmarks/measure-verifier/census-mixed/wand125-fine-net-n31-2026-10-11/mixed_n31_L59775.control.jsontests/test_sqverify_fast_census.py- Case file
frontier/n-031.md(verified lower, verified upper, reported lower, reported upper)